Impact of coffee consumption on physiological markers of cardiovascular risk: a systematic review

Coffee is one of the most widely consumed beverages globally. A substantial amount of observational data suggests an inverse relationship between coffee consumption and the risk for cardiovascular disease. The basis for this association is not clear. In this review, we specifically study the impact of coffee on inflammatory biomarkers as one potential mechanistic basis for this observation. Our objective was to systematically review randomized controlled trials that examined the effects of coffee consumption on selected cardiovascular biomarkers.